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VOCABULARY & REFERENCE

Page # refers to the book If You Traveled West in a Covered Wagon by Ellen Levin   [ISBN: 0-590-45158-8]
Page
#
Word
  ... Examples, Definitions & Resources
9... bonnet   ... head covering which covers the hair and ears, but not the forehead
25... scow ... a large flat-bottomed boat, having broad, square ends
36... oilskin ... a type of fabric - canvas with, literally, a skin of oil applied to it as waterproofing, often linseed oil
39... buckskin ... soft, pliable, porous preserved hide of an animal, usually deer, moose or elk, but potentially any animal's hide
39... calico ... material made from unbleached, and often not fully processed, cotton
39... gingham ... a fabric made from dyed cotton yarn
43... jerking ... the process of drying meat to make jerky
48... ransom ... the practice of holding a prisoner to extort money or property to secure their release
 

Oregon Trail Photos ... http://earlylightimages.com

Oregon Trail
Oregon Trail
... http://en.wikipedia.org
PIONEER - One who goes before, as into the wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow
 
NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES
- Bannock
- Blackfoot
- Cheyenne
- Crow
- Pawnee
- Shoshone
- Sioux
WRITINGs
- Emigrant's Diaries and Journals ... The Oregon Territory and it's Pioneers
- Diaries & Journals of Narcissa Whitman 1836 ... Idaho State University
- A Tour to the Oregon Territory by Joseph Williams, 1841 ... Ripley County Historical Society
- The Oregon Trail by Francis Parkman, Jr., c. 1847 ... Project Gutenberg
 
The term prairie schooner is often - and mistakenly - used interchangeably with Conestoga wagon. It might be helpful to think of the emigrant's box-like covered wagon as an early version of the moving van, and the Conestoga wagon as a prototype for the modern tractor-trailer.

The emigrants themselves never called their wagons Conestogas or prairie schooners. Nineteenth-century diaries and reminiscences reveal that westering emigrants during the time of their journeys - the 1840s, 1850s, and 1860s - generally referred to their vehicles simply as "wagons" or "waggons." Travelers crossing the prairie gazed at the lines of white-topped wagons rumbling across the undulating grass and described the wagons as "ships upon the ocean," or ships on "rolling waves of green from horizon to horizon," or as resembling "dim sails crossing a rolling sea." But they never called their wagons "prairie schooners."

It was not until the pioneers began penning (and romanticizing) their reminiscences during the 1870s and later -- long after their migration to the West -- that they began calling their own simple wagons "prairie schooners." ... http://en.wikipedia.org

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

- All About the Oregon Trail ... Idaho State University
- The Wagon Train of 1843: The Great Migration
- Emigrants to Oregon in 1843 ... compiled by S. Flora
- Oregon Trail Guidebook ... compiled by Mr. Leahy's Class
- Oregon Trail Highlights ... National Park Service
 
- GLOSSARY ... http://library.thinkquest.org
- Prairie Schooners ... http://endoftheoregontrail.org


- Oregon Trail Panoramas ... http://www.isu.edu

... Chimney Rock | Fort Laramie | Independence Rock | Fort Hall

- Oregon Trail Time Frame: A Year by Year Description of Explorers, Travelers, and Events Along the Trail to Oregon compiled by P. Kohnen

The Whitmans

Narcissa Whitman
Narcissa Whitman
Narcissa Whitman
(14 March 1808 - 29 November 1847)
Born Narcissa Prentiss in Prattsburgh, New York; one of the first European-American women to cross the Rocky Mountains in 1836 on her way to found the Protestant Whitman Mission with husband Dr. Marcus Whitman near modern day Walla Walla, Washington.

Marcus Whitman
(4 September 1802 - 29 November 1847)
American physician and missionary in the Oregon Country. He is famous for leading the first large party of wagon trains along the Oregon Trail, establishing it as a viable route for thousands of emigrants in the following decade.
Marcus Whitman
Marcus Whitman

Chimney Rock

Chimney Rock, Nebraska
Chimney Rock, Nebraska
... http://overlandtrails.lib.byu.edu

* How tall is Chimney Rock?
* How long will it last?
* Photographs
* Sketches
 
   ... http://www.nebraskahistory.org

Fort Laramie Photos ... http://www.wyomingtalesandtrails.com

Fort Laramie, Wyoming
Fort Laramie,Wyoming
... http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu

Independence Rock

Aerial and Satellite: Independence Rock, Wyoming
Independence Rock, Wyoming
Topo: Independence Rock, Wyoming
Independence Rock, Wyoming ... http://en.wikipedia.org

Continental Divide ... http://en.wikipedia.org

American Bison

South Pass Map
Prairie Dogs

South Pass

South Pass Sign
South Pass, Wyoming
... http://en.wikipedia.org

Sweetwater River by South Pass
Sweetwater River near South Pass, Wyoming
... http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu

Pacific Springs Photo - The emigrants found that the creeks now flowed toward the west ... http://earlylightimages.com

Fort Bridger Photos ... http://www.wyomingtalesandtrails.com

Fort Bridger, Wyoming
Old Fort Bridger - Built by Jim Bridger in 1843 in Wyoming. Served as Pony Express and Telegraph Station and later as an army post ... http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu

Soda Springs

Soda Springs, Idaho
Soda Springs on Bear River, in Idaho ... http://overlandtrails.lib.byu.edu

Steamboat Springs, Idaho - One forth of a mile down stream from the Soda Spring ... http://www.idahohistory.net

Oregon Trail: Fort Hall, South Pass, California Trail
 
Fort Hall, Idaho - 1 bag 60 lbs coffee 15 cents

On the 4th of August  [1834] the Fort was completed ... http://www.idahohistory.net

In 1843, Dr. Marcus Whitman led a wagon train westward from the fort. ... http://en.wikipedia.org

Fort Hall Idaho
Fort Hall, Idaho - A Native American (Bannock or Shoshoni) tepee stands near a U. S. flag tethered to a pole ... http://photoswest.org

Fort Boise Photos - a trading post established upon the northern side of Snake or Lewis River, and about one mile below the mouth of the Boise river ... http://www.idahohistory.net

Outpost of the British Empire - When American fur traders built Fort Hall as a trading post in what is today southeastern Idaho, the Hudson's Bay company built Fort Boise across the Snake River from this site to oppose them in 1838.

Devil's Backbone, Oregon ... viewpoint by T. Laidlaw

Whitman Mission, Washington ... http://www.cr.nps.gov

Oregon City: At the End of the Trail ... http://www.usgennet.org

Jim Bridger, greatest of Plainsmen, Scouts, Guides and Trappers
Jim Bridger

 

dailyTangents: Battle of the Books: 13th Annual Schoolcraft Round Robin ... Play Games

Online Resources for Books & Authors
VOCABULARY & REFERENCE

Links to "battle sites" throughout the 50 states!

 

SchoolcraftPages.com
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